Clinical Specialty & Interests
Total Hip Replacement
Hip Resurfacing
Total Knee Replacement
Computer Assisted Navigation
Arthroscopy / Cartilage Resurfacing
Revision Hip & Knee Replacement
Education
& Training
2005-2006 Fellow, Adult Reconstruction,
Orthopaedic Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
2001-2005 Resident, U.C. San Diego, Dept of
Orthopaedic Surgery
2000 Research Fellow, U.C. San Diego,
Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery
1999 Internship, University of
California, San Diego
1995-1999 Jefferson Medical College,
Philadelphia, PA
1988-1992 University of California, Santa
Barbara
Honors & Awards
- June Marshall Award for Clinical Research,
Orthopaedic Hospital, June 2006.
- J. Leonard Goldner Award, Best Basic Science
Paper, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle
Society Meeting, July 2005.
- Co-author, OREF Award, California
Orthopaedic Association, May 2003
- DePuy Orthopaedic Research Award, California
Orthopaedic Association, May 2003
- Vernon P. Thompson Award, Western
Orthopaedic Association, August 2002
- Best Basic Science Paper Award, Societe
Francaise d’Arthroscopie at La Beaule, France,
December 6-8, 2001
- Graduated Cum Laude, Jefferson Medical
College
- National Pathology Honor Society
- Hobart Amory Hare Medical Honor Society
Research Publications
- Ball ST, LeDuff MJ, Amstutz
HC: Conversion of Failed Resurfacing
Arthroplasty of the Hip. Accepted with
revisions. J Bone and Joint Surg – American.
2006.
- Ball ST, In Y, Mahoney OM,
Schmalzried TP: Fixed vs. Rotating Platform
Knee Replacement. A prospective, randomized
study. Submitted to J Bone and Joint Surg –
American. May 2006.
- Amstutz HC, Ball ST, LeDuff
MJ, Dorey F: Hip Resurfacing for Patients under
50 years of age. Results of 350 ConserveÒ Plus
With a 2-9 Year Follow-up. Accepted with
revisions. Clin Orthop Rel Research. 2006.
- Bitsch R, Ball ST, Moreland
J, Schmalzried TP: Reduction of Osteolysis with
Crosslinked Polyethylene at Five Years.
Submitted to J Bone and Joint Surg – American.
June 2006.
- Ball ST, Schwartz AK, Brage
ME. Severe Bilateral Foot and Ankle Injuries in
Motocross Riders. Submitted to Journal of
Orthopaedic Trauma, September 2006.
- Ball ST, Jadin KD, Allen
RT, Schwartz AK, Sah RL, Brage ME: Chondrocyte
viability after intra-articular calcaneus
fractures in humans. Accepted by Foot and Ankle
International, August 2006.
- Ball ST, Amiel, D, Williams
SK, Tontz W, Chen AC, Sah RL, Amiel D, Bugbee
WD. The Effects of Storage on Fresh Human
Osteochondral Allografts. Clin Orthop
418:246-252, 2004.
- Tis JE, Ball ST, Chambers
H. Transtalar Drilling of Osteochondral Lesions
of the Talus in Children and Adolescents.
Techniques in Foot and Ankle Surgery, March
2004.
- Ball ST, Goomer RS,
Ostrander R, Tontz W, Williams SK, Amiel D.
Pre-Incubation of Perichondrial Cells in a
Polylactic Acid Scaffold Enhances Donor Cell
Retention. Clin Orthop 420: 276-285, March 2004.
- Amiel D, Ball ST, Tasto J:
Chondrocyte Viability and Metabolic Activity
after Treatment of Bovine Articular Cartilage
with Bipolar Radiofrequency: An In Vitro
Study. Arthroscopy 20(5):503-510, 2004.
- Lane JG, Massie JB, Ball ST,
Amiel ME, Chen AC, Bae WC, Sah RL and Amiel D:
Followup of Osteochondral Plug Transfers in a
Goat Model. American Journal of Sports Medicine,
Vol 32, No. 6. 1440-1450. 2004.
- Williams SK, Amiel D, Ball ST,
Allen RT, Wong VW, Chen A, Sah RL, Bugbee WD:
Prolonged Storage Effects on the Articular
Cartilage of Fresh Human Osteochondral
Allografts. J Bone Joint Surg 85:2111-2120,
2003.
- Brage ME, Ball ST:
Surgical options for salvage of end-stage hallux
rigidus. Foot and Ankle Clinics of North
America, Volume 7, 2002.
- Lane JG, Tontz WL, Ball ST,
Massie JB, Chen A, Bae WB, Amiel M, Sah R, Amiel
D. A Morphologic, Biochemical, and biomechanical
assessment of Short-Term Effects of
Osteochondral Autograft Plug Transfer in an
Animal Model. Arthroscopy. 17(8):856-63. 2001.
- Ball ST, Vaccaro AR, Albert
TJ, Cotler JM. Injuries of the Thoracolumbar
Spine Associated with Restraint Use in Head-on
Motor Vehicle Accidents. J Spinal Disord.
13(4):297-304, 2000.
- Vaccaro AR, Ball, ST:
Indications for Instrumentation in Degenerative
Lumbar Spinal Disorders. Orthopedics.
23(3):260-71; CME quiz 272-3, 2000.
- Ball ST, Vaccaro AR, Klein
GR, Albert TJ, Cotler JM. Combined Anterior and
Posterior Surgery for Fractures of the
Thoracolumbar Spine. Jefferson Orthopaedic
Journal. 1998.
TOP
Conference Presentations,
Abstracts, and Posters
- Ball ST. Hip Resurfacing. Past,
Present, Future. U.C. San Diego / Navy
Orthopaedic Grand Rounds. September 6, 2006.
- Ball ST, LeDuff MJ, Amstutz
HC: Conversion of Failed Resurfacing
Arthroplasty of the Hip. Submitted to AAOS
meeting, San Diego, CA. 2007.
- Ball ST, In Y, Mohoney OM,
Schmalzried TP: Mobile versus Fixed Bearing
Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized,
Prospective Study. Submitted to AAOS meeting,
San Diego, CA. 2007.
- Ball ST, Pinsorsnak P,
Amstutz HC, Schmalzried TP: Extended Travel
After Hip Replacement Surgery. Is It Safe?
Submitted to AAOS meeting, San Diego, CA. 2007.
- Bitsch R, Ball ST, Moreland
J, Schmalzried TP: Reduction of Osteolysis with
Crosslinked Polyethylene at Five Years. Accepted
for podium presentation at AAHKS meeting,
November 2006.
- Ball ST, In Y, Mohoney OM,
Schmalzried TP: Mobile versus Fixed Bearing
Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized,
Prospective Study. Accepted for podium
presentation at AAHKS meeting, November 2006.
- Ball ST, Pinsorsnak P,
Amstutz HC, Schmalzried TP: Extended Travel
After Hip Replacement Surgery. Is It Safe?
Accepted for podium presentation at AAHKS
meeting, November 2006.
- Ball ST, Jadin KD, Allen
RT, Schwartz AK, Sah RL, Brage ME: Chondrocyte
viability after intra-articular calcaneus
fractures in humans. Podium presentation at AAOS
Annual Meeting, 2006, Chicago, IL.
- Amstutz HC, Ball ST, LeDuff
MJ, Dorey F: Hip Resurfacing for Patients under
50 years of age. Results of 350 ConserveÒ Plus
With a 2-9 Year Follow-up. Podium presentation,
Specialty Day, Hip Society, AAOS Annual
Meeting, 2006, Chicago, IL.
- Ball ST, Jadin KD, Allen
RT, Schwartz AK, Sah RL, Brage ME: Chondrocyte
viability after intra-articular calcaneus
fractures in humans. AOFAS Annual Meeting,
Boston, MA, July 14-17, 2005. *Best Basic
Science Paper, J. Leonard Goldner Award.
- Ball ST, Jadin KD, Allen
RT, Schwartz AK, Sah RL, Brage ME: Chondrocyte
viability after intra-articular calcaneus
fractures in humans. Presented at OTA Annual
Meeting, 2005, Ottowa, Ontario.
- Ball ST. Femur fractures
in the polytrauma patient. UCSD General Surgery
Grand Rounds, February 2005.
- Ball ST. Intra-articular
fractures and post-traumatic arthritis. UCSD
Orthopaedic Grand Rounds, September 2004.
- Lane J, Massie J, Ball ST,
Amiel M, Chen A, Bae W, Sah R, Amiel D.
Follow-up of Osteochondral Plug Transfers in a
Goat Model: A Six-Month Study. Am Orth Soc
Sports Med (AOSSM), June 24-27, 2004, Quebec,
Canada.
- Ball ST. Computer-Assisted
Adult Reconstructive Surgery of the Knee. UCSD
Orthopaedic Grand Rounds, April 28, 2004.
- Williams, S.K., Ball, S.T.,
Bugbee, W.D., Amiel D. Fresh Human
Osteochondral Allograft Retrievals: Reasons for
Failure. AAOS 71st Annual Meeting, March 10-14,
2004, San Francisco, CA. #P351
- Williams, S.K., Ball, S.T.,
Bugbee, W.D., Amiel D. Storage Duration and
Conditions for Fresh Osteochondral Allografts
Used for Cartilage Repair. AAOS 71st Annual
Meeting, March 10-14, 2004, San Francisco, CA.
#P349.
- Ball ST, Chambers H,
Ostrander R. Surgical treatment of
osteochondral lesions of the talus in children.
AAOS 71st Annual Meeting, March 10-14, 2004
(POSNA Specialty Day), San Francisco, CA.
- Ball ST, Goomer R,
Ostrander R, Tontz W, Williams S, Amiel D:
Pre-Incubation of Perichondrial Cells into a
Scaffold Enhances Donor Cell Retention.
Presented at The California Orthopaedic
Association Annual Meeting, May 1-4, 2003, San
Francisco, CA. *DePuy Orthopaedic Research
Award.
- Ball ST, Chen, A, Williams
S, Tontz W, Sah R, Bugbee W and Amiel D. The
Time-Dependent Effects of Storage on Fresh Human
Osteochondral Allografts. Presented at 22nd
World Congress of Societe Internationale de
Recherché Orthopedique et de Traumatologie
(SICOT), San Diego CA, August 23-30, 2002.
- Williams SK, Bugbee WD, Ball ST,
Allen RT, Wong VW, Chen A, Sah RL and Amiel D.
Comparison of Storage Methods for Fresh Human
Osteochondral Allografts Used for Cartilage
Repair Procedures. World Congress OsteoArth Res
Soc Intl (OARSI), Berlin, Oct 12-15, 2003.
- Williams, S.K., Bugbee, W.D., Ball,
S.T., Tontz, W. Jr., M.D., Allen, R.T.,
Haghighi, P., Emery, S.C. and Amiel, D.
Retrieved Fresh Human Osteochondral Allografts:
Analysis of Articular Cartilage, Chondrocytes
and Subchondral Bone. World Congress OsteoArth
Res Soc Intl (OARSI), Berlin, Oct 12-15, 2003.
- Eves, W.C., Tasto, J.P., Amiel, D.,
Ball, S.T. and Williams, S.K.: In Situ
Assessment of Chondrocyte Cell Death in Bovine
Articular Cartilage Using a Bipolar
Radiofrequency Wand and a Mechanical Shaver.
Arthros Assoc No America (AANA) Mtng, Poster
#E-87, 2003.
- Lane, J.G., Obuch, A.B., Ball, S.T.,
Amiel, M., Chen, A.C., Bae, W.C., Sah, R.L. and
Amiel, D.: A Morphologic, Biochemical and
Biomechanical Assessment of Long-Term Effects of
Osteochondral Autograft Plug Transfer in an
Animal Model. Accepted for Poster Presentation,
49th Annual Orthop Res Soc (ORS) Mtng, New
Orleans, Feb 2-5, 2003.
- Ball ST, Tontz W, Williams
S, Chen AC, Sah RL, Amiel D, Bugbee W. Storage
of Fresh Human Osteochondral Allografts:
Enhancement of Preservation. Presented at the
Western Orthopaedic Association Annual Meeting,
August 1-4, 2002, Maui, HI. *Vernon P.
Thompson Award.
- Williams, S.K., Amiel, D., Ball,
S.T., Wong, V.W., Chen, A., Sah. R.L.
and Bugbee, W.D.: Fresh Osteochondral
Allografts: Time-Dependent Storage Effects.
Trans Intl Cart Repair Soc (ICRS) Mtng, Toronto,
June 15-18, 2002.
- Amiel, D., Ball, S., Tasto,
J. and Woloszko, J.: Use of Bipolar
Radiofrequency in Bovine Articular Cartilage: An
In Situ Assessment of Cellular Viability and
Metabolic Activity. Arthros Assoc N Am, Wash
D.C., April 22-26, E-Poster K-5, 2002.
- Ball ST, Chen AC, Tontz WL,
Amiel ME, Wong VW, Bae WC, Sah RL, Bugbee WD and
Amiel D. Preservation of Fresh Human
Osteochondral Allografts: Effects of Storage
Conditions on Biological, Biochemical and
Biomechanical Properties. Presented at 48th
Annual Meeting, Orthopaedic Research Society,
Dallas TX, Poster #441, 2002.
- Ball ST, Tontz WL, Chen AC,
Wong VW, Sah RL, Bugbee W and Amiel D. The
Time-Dependent Effects of Storage on
Fresh Osteochondral Allografts. Presented at
69th Annual Meeting, American Academy of
Orthopaedic Surgeons, Dallas TX, Poster #P178,
2002.
- Ball ST, Goomer RS, Harwood
FL, VandeBerg JS, Coutts RD, Amiel D.
Pre-Incubation of Perichondrial Cells in a
Biodegradable Scaffold Enhances Donor Cell
Retention in the Repair Tissue of Osteochondral
Defects. Presented at 48th Annual Meeting,
Orthopaedic Research Society, February 10-13,
Dallas TX, Podium Session #41, 2002.
- Amiel D, Ball ST, Woloszko
J. In Situ Assessment of Cellular Viability in
Bovine Articular Cartilage Using Bipolar
Radiofrequency. Presented at Societe Francaise
d’Arthroscopie at La Baule, France, December
6-8, 2001. *Winner, Best Basic Science Paper
Award.
- Tontz WL, R Ostrander, ST Ball,
R Goomer, F Harwood, T Maris, D Amiel. Long Term
Donor Cell Fate Following Articular Repair in a
Rabbit Model. Presented at 47th Annual Meeting,
Orthopaedic Research Society, San Francisco
26(2)607, 2001.
Hip
Resurfacing
Hip resurfacing is an alternative to total hip
replacement. It is primarily aimed toward young,
active adults who, historically, have an increased
risk for failure of a conventional hip replacement.
Hip Resurfacing Advantages
- Quantity and quality of bone of the proximal
femur is preserved
- Femoral head and neck are re-shaped, not
removed
- Minimal acetabular bone is removed
- Minimal risk of any leg length discrepancy
- Low risk of dislocation
- Maximal range of motion after surgery
- Relatively easy and safe revision in the
event of implant failure
- Return to high-level activity, such as
jogging, skiing, surfing, basketball, cycling,
skiing, is usually possible
- Low rates of failure
How Hip Resurfacing Works
Current generation hip resurfacing devices are
made of cobalt-chrome metal. They have a thin shell,
cementless acetabular component and a thin shell
‘cap’ which is fixed to the femoral head with bone
cement.
The new generation of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing
devices have been available for 10 years and studies
show high success rates and low rates of failure.
Contra-indications
Hip resurfacing may not be for everyone.
Relative contra-indications include:
- Poor bone quality
- Osteoporosis
- Severe, extensive osteonecrosis or cystic
disease of the femoral head
Computer Assisted Navigation
Computer-assisted navigation is a recent advance
in knee replacement that is already demonstrating
more consistently accurate results than traditional
methods.
The success of a total knee replacement has been
closely linked to accurate alignment and
implantation of the parts. Like a car whose faulty
alignment may lead to premature wear of the tires,
malaligned total knees are prone to early failure.
How Computer-Assisted Navigation Works
Minimally invasive wireless "pointers" and
"trackers" send data pertaining to knee movement
(kinematics) to the computer.
These data are translated into real-time images that
provide the surgeon with a comprehensive
understanding of the knee mechanics before any bone
is cut.
Additionally, these trackers are active throughout
the surgery, providing the surgeon with
intra-operative feedback regarding the accuracy of
bone cuts and overall alignment and balance prior to
final implantation of the prosthesis.
This translates into maximal consistency and
accuracy for each patient.
Additionally, decreased blood loss has been observed
with knee navigation because this form of ‘alignment
guide’ does not violate the intramedullary canal of
the femur.
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